Freckles can be found on anyone no matter their genetic background. They are flat, tanned circular spots that contain more melanin than other skin cells and are typically the size of the head of a common nail.
Freckles are genetic in nature (see the picture on the left that how similar the spread of freckles is from the twin sisters) and are most common in children prior to puberty, though many adults with fair-skin have them.
Freckles are normally found on upper-body skin areas like the cheeks, nose, arms, and upper shoulders. While many children will lose their freckles when getting older, some will have this characteristic throughout their whole lives.
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 Girl With Freckles |
Ephelides
It is a genetic trait and is used to describe a freckle which is flat, light brown or red, and fades in the winter. Ephelides are more common in those with light complexions, although they are found on people with a variety of skin tones. The regular use of sunblock can inhibit their development. |
 Sun Spots |
Sun spots (also known as liver spots, age spots and Lentigines)
They are freckles that may not fade in the winter. Rather, they form after years of exposure to the sun. |
 Woman with Age Spots |
Lentigines (Age Spots)
They are more common in older people. |
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Two people receiving the same amount of sunlight under the same environment, one person may get Freckles and the other may not or both get Freckles but with different degrees of darkness.Therefore, the development of freckles are thought to be a mixed result of inheritance and sun exposure.Both natural sunlight and artificial suntanning lights emit ultraviolet (UV) rays which cause the outer layer of the skin thicken and the pigment-producing cells to produce the pigment melanin at an increased rate. This process may cause unusually heavy deposit of melanin at one spot in the skin and become a freckle.
 Yound Girl with Freckles |
 Teenage Girl with Freckles |
 Woman with Freckles |
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 Freckle Changed from Flat to Raised
Freckles are pigmented skin cells that are most commonly found on fair-skinned people. While they may not look good but they do not indicate any sort of skin disorder or disease in most circumstances. However, if you have noticed obvious changes in your freckles such as a Freckle spot changed from flat to raised, you should certainly consult a dermatologist for an assessment of the possibility of skin cancer to avoid any harmful consequence. |
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Freckles may be a warning to people who have them that their skin is highly vulnerable to sunburn and to skin cancer. It will be hard to remove freckles completely. However, there are ways to prevent them, lighten their color, and fade them considerably.
 Sunscreen for Freckles |
Apply Sunscreen
The Sunscreen should be able to block both UVA and UVB rays and contains one or more of the following active ingredients: Parsol® 1789 (avobenzone), titanium dioxide and zinc oxide. Apply the sunscreen every morning when you get up, and reapply every two hours or after swimming, sweating or washing your face. |
 Avoid Sunlight to Prevent Freckle Development |
Avoid Sunlight
If you can, don’t go outside during the peak sunlight hours. Sunlight will certainly worsen your Freckle problem. |
 A Brimmed Hat Can Stop Freckle Development |
Take A Hat With You
If you do need to go outside, wear a hat to keep the sun from directly hitting your face. This is a great way to take shade with you everywhere and prevent your Freckles from developing and darkening. |
 Use of Suntanning Beds May Cause Age Spots |
Don’t use Tanning Beds
Using these devices for one session, your skin are exposed to lots of pigment-inducing UV radiation which is equal to a whole day spent at the beach. This will darken your Freckles. |
 Some Chemical Peels Make Your Skin Vulnerable to Freckles |
Check Your Medications
Check with your dermatologist to determine if what you are using on your face or taking internally would make your skin more sensitive to the sun. Don’t stop taking any medications without your doctor’s advice. |
 Fading Cream May Remove, Fade or Lighten Freckles |
Try Fading or Lightening Creams
You can try fading or lightening creams that contains hydroquinone. Preferably, the products should come in a tube or pump so they are not repeatedly exposed to air and light which would cause the ingredients to break down and become ineffective. Also make sure you follow the directions and precautions on the package. |
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There are several treatments available for removing Freckles.
 Laser Treatment Can Remove Freckles Safely and Effectively |
Laser Treatment
Laser treatment is the preferred option. Nearly all lasers are effective in removing Freckles. Laser treatment is a safe option to remove Freckles because of the excess of melanin(darkness) present in spots allows them to absorb nearly any color of laser light.
Freckle Laser treatment is safe, quick and lasting. A little bit of redness is the side effect. The treatment may be used almost anywhere of your body.Using laser treatment, the removal of Freckles is permanent. However, new Freckles may appear again after UV exposures, therefore, sunscreen must be used following laser treatment.
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Use of Certain Chemical Peels Can Remove Freckles |
Chemical Peels
The appearance of Freckles may be reduced through the use of chemical peels, sometimes in conjunction with chemical solutions. The chemicals can dissolve the superficial tissue of freckles that carry excess melanin pigment, and expose the new skin beneath freckles and promotes regeneration. |
 Cryosurgery Can Remove Freckles |
Cryosurgery
Cryosurgery is a surgical procedure in which abnormal skin cells of Freckles are frozen and removed from the body by applying a freezing solution, such as liquid nitrogen, to the spots with a swab. The frozen tissue of freckles dies almost immediately. The body replaces the damaged cells with new ones automatically. A possible side effect of Cryosurgery is that it may sometimes cause unwanted hypopigmentation or scarring. |
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Fading Cream May Remove, Fade or Ligten Freckles |
Fading or Lightening Creams
You can try fading or lightening creams that contains hydroquinone. Preferably, the products should come in a tube or pump so they are not repeatedly exposed to air and light which would cause the ingredients to break down and become ineffective. Also make sure you follow the directions and precautions on the package. |
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Age spots(or lentigines) are brown, freckle like spots that are typically resulted from excessive sun exposures. They are normally found on the face, hands, and shoulders. While Age Spots are usually health-friendly but they are certainly a major concern for people interested in skin rejuvenation because they make skin look aged and damaged. Luckily, there are many removal creams and treatments that can be taken to get rid of them.
Age spots are not actually tied to age though they are commonly found in elderly people. In fact, these flat brown spots have several other names people often use such as Liver Spots, Brown Spots or Sun Spots.
Sun Spots should be the technical term to describe this kind of freckles since these spots are the direct product of sun-damaged pigment cells in the skin’s surface. However, the term Age Spots are commonly used as most seniors have them.
Whether you have Age Spots or Freckles, they are usually harmless and are only a cosmetic concern. However, the trouble is that it is always difficult for most people to differentiate between skin cancer, Age Spots and Freckles.
Before taking any Age Spot Treatments, it would be safer if you get these spots checked by a dermatologist so as to ensure that they are harmless. This is because some cancerous signs that a dermatologist will look for, such as irregular borders or darkening of the lesions, will be very difficult to be identified after the spots have been treated. In other words, whether certain Age Spots are cancerous or not will be much harder to be determined after a treatment. Therefore, it is always wise to get your Age Spots or Freckles examined before doing anything. |
 Age Spots on Face
 Age Spots on Hand
 Age Spots on Shoulders |
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 A Possibly Cancerous Age Spot or Freckle
Age spots are usually not dangerous but you always need to pay attentions to new and unexpected spots. If there is any doubt, get them checked by a dermatologist. It is not wise and safe to assume that a spot is friendly.
If you have a brown spot or blemish that has obvious changes recently, you should consult your dermatologist for a advice. Usually, he/she should be able to tell you whether the spot is cancerous after investigations and doing some tests if necessary.
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There are several treatments availablie for removing age spots.
Laser Treatment Can Remove Age Spots Safely and Effectively |
Laser Treatment
Laser treatment is the preferred option. Nearly all lasers are effective in removing age spots. Laser treatment is a safe option to remove age spots because of the excess of melanin(darkness) present in spots allows them to absorb nearly any color of laser light.
Age Spot Laser treatment is safe, quick and lasting. A little bit of redness is the side effect. The treatment may be used almost anywhere of your body.
Using laser treatment, the removal of age spots is permanent. However, new age spots may appear again after UV exposures, therefore, sunscreen must be used following laser treatment. |
Use of Certain Chemical Peels Can Remove Age Spots |
Chemical Peels
The appearance of age spots may be reduced through the use of chemical peels, sometimes in conjunction with chemical solutions. The chemicals can dissolve the superficial tissue of age spots that carry excess melanin pigment, and expose the new skin beneath age spots and promotes rejuvenation. |
Cryosurgery Can Remove Age Spots |
Cryosurgery
Cryosurgery is a surgical procedure in which abnormal skin cells of age spots are frozen and removed from the body by applying a freezing solution, such as liquid nitrogen, to the spots with a swab. The frozen tissue of age spots dies almost immediately. The body replaces the damaged cells with new ones automatically. A possible side effect of Cryosurgery is that it may sometimes cause unwanted hypopigmentation or scarring. |
Fading Cream May Remove, Fade or Ligten Age Spots |
Fading or Lightening Creams
You can try fading or lightening creams that contains hydroquinone. Preferably, the products should come in a tube or pump so they are not repeatedly exposed to air and light which would cause the ingredients to break down and become ineffective. Also make sure you follow the directions and precautions on the package. |
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6 tips to prevent Age Spots
Sunscreen for Age Spots |
Apply Sunscreen
The Sunscreen should be able to block both UVA and UVB rays and contains one or more of the following active ingredients: Parsol® 1789 (avobenzone), titanium dioxide and zinc oxide. Apply the sunscreen every morning when you get up, and reapply every two hours or after swimming, sweating or washing your face. |
Avoid Sunlight to Prevent Age Spot Development |
Avoid Sunlight
If you can, don’t go outside during the peak sunlight hours. Sunlight will certainly worsen your age spot problem. |
A Brimmed Hat Can Stop Age Spot Development |
Take A Hat With You
If you do need to go outside, wear a hat to keep the sun from directly hitting your face. This is a great way to take shade with you everywhere and prevent your age spots from developing and darkening. |
Use of Suntanning Beds May Cause Age Spots |
Don’t use Tanning Beds
Using these devices for one session, your skin are exposed to lots of pigment-inducing UV radiation which is equal to a whole day spent at the beach. This will darken your age spots. |
Some Chemical Peels May Make Your Skin Vulnerable to Age Spots |
Check Your Medications
Check with your dermatologist to determine if what you are using on your face or taking internally would make your skin more sensitive to the sun. Don’t stop taking any medications without your doctor’s advice. |
Fading Cream May Remove, Fade or Lighten Age Spots |
Try Fading or Lightening Creams
You can try fading or lightening creams that contains hydroquinone. Preferably, the products should come in a tube or pump so they are not repeatedly exposed to air and light which would cause the ingredients to break down and become ineffective. Also make sure you follow the directions and precautions on the package. |
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 Acne Scars Regardless of race and ethnicity, almost everybody has at least one experience of Acne. It occurs on face, neck, chest, back and shoulders. Usually, Acne starts in teen ages and normally goes away on its own sometime in the early twenties. However, some people may get Acne for the first time as adults and some Acne cases can persist into the late 40s.
Acne affects young men and young women about equally, but the former are more likely than the latter to have more severe or longer lasting forms of Acne. However, young women are more likely than young men to visit a dermatologist for their Acne because of hormonal changes associated with their menstrual cycle and the influence of cosmetics. These kinds of Acne may cause young women trouble well into adulthood.
 Acne Scars Acne is the term for plugged pores (blackheads and whiteheads), pimples, and even deeper lumps (cysts or nodules). While not a life threatening condition, Acne can be upsetting and disfiguring as it can potentially lead to serious and permanent scars. Even less severe Acne cases can sometimes lead to unpleasant scares.
Under normal circumstances, Acne can be cured with over-the-counter (nonprescription) treatments. However, some serious Acne cases may need the help of dermatologists.
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Understanding the types of Acne will help you select the right treatments. Here is a list of different types of Acne:
 Acne - Blackheads |
Blackheads
A blackhead is also known as open comedo medically. It is a type of Acne and is a yellow or blackish plug on the skin. Blackheads are caused by excess oils that have accumulated in the sebaceous gland’s duct. The substance found in these plugs darkens as it oxidizes. |
 Acne - Pimple |
Pimples
A pimple, a type of Acne, is also known as whitehead or closed comedo in medical term. Unlike a blackhead, it has a microscopic opening to the skin surface. The substance found in these follicles remains white as air cannot get in so no oxidation occurs. |
 Acne Papules |
Papules
A papule is a circumscribed, solid elevation of skin with no visible fluid, varying in size from a pinhead to 5 millimeters or less. A papule is caused by localized cellular reaction to the process of Acne and is either brown, purple, pink or red in colour. A group of very small papules and microcomedones may be almost invisible but have a “sandpaper” feel to the touch. |
 Acne - Pustules |
Pustule
A pustule is a dome-shaped small elevation of the skin containing purulent material usually consisting of a mixture of white blood cells, dead skin cells, and bacteria. Acne pustules that heal without progressing to cystic form usually leave no scars. |
 Acne - Macules |
Macules
A macule,without elevation or depression, is the temporary red spot left by a healed acne lesion. It is flat, usually red or red-pink, with a well defined border(less than ten millimeters in diameter at the widest point). This temporary Acne scar may persist for days to weeks before disappearing. |
 Acne - Nodules |
Nodules
A nodule is morphologically similar to a papule, but is greater than 1 cm in diameter. Unlike a papule, a nodule may be very painful and cause scars if it extends into deeper layers of the skin resulting in tissue destruction. Nodular Acne is a severe form of Acne that may need Isotretinoin Treatment. |
 Acne - Cysts |
Cysts
Cystic Acne, also known as Nodulocystic Acne, is a severe form of Acne wherein acne develops into small cysts. A cyst is a sac-like lesion containing liquid or semi-liquid material consisting of white blood cells, dead cells, and bacteria. It is larger than a pustule, may be severely inflamed, extends into deeper layers of the skin, may be very painful, and is likely to leave scars after healing. |
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Acne is a chronic disorder of the sebaceous glands. While sometimes it seems pimples appear overnight, the development of an acne breakout is actually an extended process that begins within hair follicle and sebaceous glands.
 Hair Follicle |
The Hair Follicle
A hair follicle is a part of the skin that grows hair by packing old cells together. Attached to the follicle is a sebaceous gland. In a normal functioning follicle the sebaceous glands secrete oil, or sebum, into the pore. Typically, sebum and dead cells shed from the the outermost layer of the epidermis through the pore opening. However, in acne prone skin, sebum and dead skin cells are trapped within the follicle. This accumulation of cellular debris and sebaceous matter forms a obstruction (comedo) that prevents the pore from opening, resulting in a blackhead on the skin’s surface.
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 Propioni-bacterium Acnes |
Propionibacteria Acnes
Propionibacterium acnes is relatively slow growing bacterium that is linked to inflamed acne breakouts. They are regular residents within the hair follicle and are normally harmless. However, in acne prone skin the Propionibacterium acnes populate uncontrolledly.As the follicle becomes filled with sebum, dead cells, and bacteria, it begins to swell and forms a pimple. If the rupture in the follicle wall happens near the epidermis, the pimple is usually minor and heals quickly without scars. Otherwise, it may develop to more severe lesions, such as nodules and cysts, deep within dermis. |
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The appearance of acne starts during puberty when the body actively produces hormones that causes too much sebum in the skin. If you do not handle acne breaks carefully, they would definitely leave marks to haunt your appearance forever. Therefore, it is important to prevent acne breakouts from happening.Below are several ways to prevent acne.
 Acne Prone Skin Needs to Select Cosmetic Products Carefully |
Cosmetics
Make sure your skin likes the cosmetics used. If not, get new ones till your skin is happy. Use cosmetics less often whenever it is possible. Cosmetic products that contain very oily ingredients such as lanolins, isopropyl myristate, sodium lauryl sulphate, etc should be avoided as they are too rich for the skin. |
 Wash Your Make Up Prevent Acne Breakouts |
Wash Your Make Up
Use a mild soap to wash your make-up off thoroughly after work. Make sure you rinse your skin several times with fresh water until the soap is entirely off.
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 "Touch" Could Add Inflammation to Acne |
Leave Pimples Alone
Don’t squeeze pimples or whiteheads. Otherwise, you could add inflammation resulting in an infection. Be patient, pimples will normally go away in four weeks if you leave them alone.
However, you can squeeze pimples that has a little central yellow pus head in it. Once the pus pops out, the pimple will heal more quickly. You can also get rid of blackheads by squeezing them. A blackhead is a very blocked pore, and a gentle squeeze will help rectify this. |
 Select Acne Treatment Carefully |
Select Treatments Carefully
Dry skin can be sensitive to some over the counter skin treatments. Therefore, always start with a lower strength product, and then increase the strength slowly. Use only one treatment at a time because treatments may cause adverse reactions if mixed together. |
 Use Acne Treatment Correctly |
Use Treatments Correctly
Most people make the mistake of treating only the pimples and not the outlying areas of skin. To stop acne from spreading, you should apply acne medication about 1cm around the inflamed area. |
Avoid Sun Light When Taking Acne Treatment |
Stay Out of the Sun
Certain acne medications may cause adverse reactions to UV, so minimize sun exposure in the beginning of a treatment until you know what is going on. |
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Which Acne scar treatment to use will depend on the severity of Acne. If they are mild, you can remove the acne marks naturally using the methods listed below:
 Water Remove Acne Scars |
Water
It has been proved that drinking water (at least 8 glasses) can help your skin to shed those unwanted dead skin cells(remove acne scars) , and prevent acne breakouts. |
 Vitamin E Help Removal of Acne Scars |
Vitamin E
You can either take it orally or apply it to the surface of the affected area by pricking a spot in the capsule. |
 Rosehip Seed Oil Heals Acne Scars |
Rosehip Seed Oil
This is an anti-ageing and anti-wrinkling agent that helps the skin to regenerate. Therefore, it is also an effective remedy on removing acne scars. Apply it on the acne scars twice a day. |
 Rose Water Help Removal of Acne Scars |
Rose Water
Rose water is a by-product of the production of rose oil for use in perfume. Combine rose water and paste of sandal wood and apply it to the Acne Scars. Leave it overnight then rinse with cold water the next day. |
Beside natural removable of acne scars suggested above, Hi-tech dermatological procedures are also available to give you a much faster result. However, make sure your body and health can live up with these acne removal treatments.
 Dermabrasion Scrub Out Acne Scars |
Dermabrasion
Dermabrasion is a cosmetic medical procedure in which the surface of the epidermis is removed by abrasion (sanding). Once the skin heals, the top layer will then have a smoother and clearer appearance. |
Laser Treatment Removes Acne Scars |
Laser Resurfacing
Laser resurfacing is a technique used during laser surgery wherein the molecular bonds are dissolved by laser. It is used for the treatment of wrinkles, solar lentigenes, sun damage and Acne scars. It is one of the most affordable anti-scar treatments available. |
Chemical Peels Help Removal of Acne Scars |
Chemical Peels
Unlike dermabrasion, the top layer of your skin is peeled off using chemicals not machines. When choosing this approach, make sure your body is not allergic to the chemicals. |
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